Spatial Correspondence Between Vernacular Dwelling Typologies and Dialect Regionalization in the Jiaoliao Cross-Sea Cultural Area of China

Vernacular dwellings and dialects are material and linguistic carriers of regional culture. This study evaluates dialect regionalization as a reference for vernacular architectural research across the Jiaodong–Liaodong cross-sea region. Hierarchical clustering of 29 morphological variables identified five architectural types among 573 dwellings from 341 villages, independently of dialect information. The resulting types were compared with the Qinglai, Denglian, and Gaihuan dialect subregions through GIS overlay and contingency analysis. The five types showed an overall association with dialect subregion (χ2 = 328.265, df = 8, p < 0.001; Cramér’s V = 0.535). Their dominant subregion correspondence rate was 62.13%, exceeding the largest-subregion baseline of 52.53% (Goodman–Kruskal’s λ = 0.202). Adjusted standardized residuals identified concentrations of Type 1 in Qinglai, Type 3 in Denglian, and Type 5 in Gaihuan. Village-level tests supported the original correspondence within peninsulas, while the strength of evidence varied with alternative classifications and spatial restrictions. These findings provide empirical support for dialect regionalization as a cultural–geographical reference for understanding regional connections and internal differentiation in vernacular dwellings.