Leveraging Fintech for Sustainable Supply Chains: The Roles of Organizational Capabilities and Environmental Uncertainty in Small and Medium Enterprises

The purpose of the study is to analyse the factors affecting green supply chain management (GSCM) within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with respect to the adoption of Fintech, organisational capabilities, and the impact of environmental uncertainty. It aims to provide information on how digital tools and internal resources can be used to promote sustainable supply chain practices and help firms respond effectively to a dynamic market environment. A self-administered survey of SME entrepreneurs was used to collect data, which were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test direct, mediating, and moderating relationships. The findings show that the adoption of Fintech can have a significant positive or indirect impact on GSCM through IT capability, supply chain transparency, and the adoption of green technology. Environmental uncertainty moderates the positive relationship between IT capability and green technology adoption and the negative relationship between supply chain transparency and GSCM. These results indicate that digital finance and organisational capabilities are more effective at fostering sustainable supply chains when aligned with the external environmental context. The research builds upon the Resource-Based View and Contingency Theory by showing that fintech adoption is a strategic digital resource whose effectiveness in enhancing GSCM depends on internal capacity and the environment, thereby providing a comprehensive picture of the mechanisms for operating sustainable supply chain management and its boundary conditions. It is recommended that managers strategically implement fintech solutions, develop IT and green technology capacity, and balance transparency programs in response to environmental uncertainty, and that policymakers promote SME sustainability by supporting fintech implementation and the adoption of adaptive green technologies.