The role of factors involved in proliferation processes in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis

The study of the expression of proliferation factors by immunohistochemistry is necessary to determine their role in the pathogenesis of the disease and to develop new diagnostic methods and pathogenetically based therapy. Aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of factors involved in proliferation processes (stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)) in the endometrium of reproductive-age patients with adenomyosis. Material and methods. 45 women aged 18 to 35 years were examined. The main group consisted of 34 patients with adenomyosis, the control group included 11 healthy women. Endometrial sampling was performed during hysteroscopy or by aspiration biopsy in the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. Histological and immunohistochemical studies of the endometrium were performed to assess the expression of STIP1 and PTEN. Results . The expression of STIP1 is statistically significantly higher in the glandular component of the endometrium of patients with adenomyosis compared with the control group in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in PTEN expression in the endometrium between the groups, regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle. Conclusions . Increased expression of STIP1 in the glandular component of the endometrium of patients with adenomyosis in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle may be one of the reasons for the imbalance of proliferation and apoptosis in adenomyosis. In order to determine the role of PTEN in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, it may be necessary to determine its phosphorylated form, as well as use other research methods