Susceptibility to water erosion of the Chertioua watershed (Algeria): Exploratory Analysis and Territorial Diagnosis

Hydric erosion constitutes a major threat to Algerian watersheds, compromising food security and water availability. This study presents an exploratory analysis of the Chertioua watershed (110 km², Bordj Bou Arreridj province, northeastern Algeria) to characterize erosive manifestations and identify degradation factors, in compliance with international guidelines (Ramsar Convention, FAO, CESAO-RICCAR, SDG 2030)[1][5]. A qualitative-descriptive approach combining documentary analysis, exploitation of existing hydrological data (1969-2009) and morphometric analysis was adopted. Results reveal a mountainous basin (elevations 688-1494 m, relief 806 m) subject to semi-arid climate (515.83 mm/yr) with mean slopes exceeding 25%. Estimated solid loads place the basin in a zone of very active erosion (2.73-3.5 million m³ dead storage, equivalent to 250-320 t/km²/yr)[29]. Multi-criteria analysis identified that 66-69% of the basin presents strong to very strong erosion susceptibility, combining steep slopes, fragile soils (60% marls), degraded vegetation cover (sparse maquis: 0.47%) and overgrazing (rangelands: 60% of territory). Five priority zones for urgent soil conservation measures were identified, requiring immediate intervention before completion of the dam project [32]. This exploratory analysis provides a scientific basis for future integrated watershed management interventions and climate change adaptation strategies, in full compliance with United Nations directives on sustainable water resource management [31].