An insights into impact of nanocarriers bearing phytopharmaceuticals in the management of cancer

Cancer remains a formidable disease, with conventional treatment strategies including chemotherapy and surgery etc. Phytomolecules and their lead molecules have been employed to reduce cancer burden but have various limitations in cancer treatment. Nanocarrier-mediated delivery of phytochemicals has emerged as an innovative nanocarrier strategy to enhance their anticancer efficacy, overcome limitations, and improve patient outcomes in cancer management. Effect of phytochemical-loaded nanocarriers eg quercetin, β-Carotene, EGCG etc. on NF-kβ, SOCS, βcatenin, BAX, BAK, VEGF, STAT, Bcl2, p53, caspases, CDKs levels have played an important role in inhibiting tumour growth and it's metastasis. Phytochemical-loaded nanocarriers have demonstrated modulation of key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression, including those regulating apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cell cycle control. These novel delivery systems have played a critical role to aid herbal leads in inducing cell cycle arrest and triggering apoptosis. Nanocarriers loaded phytomolecules indicate enhanced pharmacological potency, bioavailability, and target specificity, showing potential in various oncological applications including chemotherapy, gene therapy, and immunotherapy. Although preclinical studies are encouraging, there has been limited clinical practice translation of nanophytomedicines, with few nanodrugs getting regulatory approval. Briefly, Nanocarrier-mediated delivery of phytochemicals has emerged as a encouraging strategy to enhance anticancer efficacy, overcome limitations, and improve patient outcomes in cancer management, although clinical translation and regulatory approval of nanophytomedicines remain a significant challenge.