Epidemiología y prevención del dengue mediante el control de criaderos del vector en comunidades endémicas en América Latina.

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti, constituting a major public health problem in Latin America due to its high epidemiological burden accompanied by factors that favor its proliferation. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the epidemiology and prevention of dengue and the control of breeding sites in endemic communities. The results showed a wide circulation of the serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4, with a predominance of dengue without warning signs with prevalence’s greater than 90%. Among the main factors associated with the proliferation of the vector were climatic conditions, unplanned urbanization, accumulation of water containers, inadequate water storage, deficiencies in sanitation, and low levels of health education. Regarding preventive strategies, integrated interventions proved most effective in reducing cases, particularly targeted indoor residual spraying, epidemiological surveillance, and community participation, complemented by environmental management in communities through the control of breeding sites. It is concluded that dengue prevention requires sustainable vector control programs that integrate surveillance, biotechnological innovation, and community participation to reduce disease transmission in endemic areas.