Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Pain Perception in Athletes with Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction: A Case Series

Background Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a common cause of non-specific low back pain (LBP), affecting up to 30% of the patient population. While various conservative and invasive treatments are available, many pose risks or are poorly tolerated. Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training promotes strength gains with low-load resistance, offering a potential alternative to promote SIJ stabilization and strengthen surrounding musculature in patients who cannot tolerate traditional high-load exercises due to pain. Purpose To describe the preliminary clinical outcomes specifically regarding pain, function, and disability in a small series of subjects with SIJ dysfunction following a single session of BFR training. Study Design Case series. Methods Four subjects with clinically confirmed SIJ dysfunction using the Cluster of Laslett underwent a single BFR training session using the Delfi Personal Tourniquet System, performing low-load bodyweight squats under 80% arterial occlusion for 4 sets of 30, 15, 15, 15, as outlined by Owens Recovery Sciences. Outcomes were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and Disablement in the Physically Active Scale Short Form-8 (DPA SF-8), recorded before treatment, immediately after, and at one-week follow-up. Results All subjects experienced complete pain relief (NPRS = 0) immediately post-treatment and at follow-up. PSFS scores increased by an average of 7.63 points. DPA SF-8 scores improved from a mean of 25.75 to 0, reflecting significant gains in function and quality of life. Conclusion A single BFR session produced immediate and short-term improvements in pain, function, and disability in four subjects with SIJ dysfunction.