Enhancing Recovery in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Analysis of Systemic Care Procedures, Injury Severity, and Neurological Functional Outcomes in Bangladesh

Aims: The principal cause of chronic disability and mortality worldwide is Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). This research is confined to a case study of Bangladesh. It evaluates the effects of Cognitive Retraining (CR) on symptom reporting, neuropsychological function, and health status among patients with different TBI presntations. Material and methods: The researchers used a pre-post design in a single-group intervention study, including 33 patients diagnosed with occult TBI within 7–27 months after surgery. The Researchers administered the instruments at the National Institute of Mental Health, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka. It is a specialized government hospital that provides mental health services. The Researchers used the NIMHANS Neuropsychology Battery, the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale—Brief, the Visual Analog Scale, and the Intervention Program: Cognitive Retraining. All patients completed 21 hospital-based CR sessions over three months. CR tasks targeted processing speed, attention, executive function, learning, and memory. The Researchers assessed outcomes at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Statistical Analysis: The researchers used standard deviation, mean percentage, and frequency as descriptive statistics and compared course-related pre- and post-intervention data, also using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in the Glasgow CS. Results: The researchers found that post-intervention improvements in working memory, visual-spatial construction, planning, visual memory, processing speed, and verbal encoding are associated with perceived stress, reporting, and quality of life in the psychological domain, which can be improved through the implementation of the objectives explained. Conclusion: We found that CR interventions and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) can improve cognitive symptoms and quality of life in moderate to severe TBI.