Cardiac Imaging Quiz

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case Report. Population: Acute rheumatic carditis with severe mitral regurgitation (n=1). Intervention: Transthoracic echocardiography.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Acute rheumatic carditis presents with characteristic echocardiographic features including a beaded nodular pattern along leaflet closure lines and pathological valvular regurgitation that distinguish it from infective endocarditis and other valvular diseases. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONFIRMATORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

R Meel; B Cupido

doi:10.24170/23-4-8589

October 30, 2026SA HeartOpen Access

Cardiac Imaging Quiz

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Key result

Echocardiography identifies acute rheumatic carditis via mitral valve beading and severe regurgitation.

n=1

Why the study?

Recognising characteristic echocardiographic morphological features of acute rheumatic valvulitis helps differentiate acute rheumatic carditis from infective endocarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, and myxomatous valve degeneration.

Key Points

Identify the key clinical, serological, and echocardiographic manifestations of acute rheumatic carditis and distinguish them from alternative etiologies of valvular disease.
Evaluated a 17-year-old female presenting with heart failure, tachycardia, a displaced apex beat, and a severe holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla.
Performed transthoracic echocardiography across multiple views to assess valvular morphology, chamber dimensions, and regurgitant jet dynamics.
Conducted serological testing for elevated antistreptolysin O titre (ASOT) and anti-deoxyribonuclease B (anti-DNase B) titres.
Echocardiography revealed focal nodular beading along the mitral valve leaflet closure line, annular dilation, restricted posterior leaflet motion, and an eccentric holosystolic regurgitant jet reaching 4 m/s.
Imaging also demonstrated left atrial and left ventricular enlargement accompanied by a pericardial effusion.
Serological confirmation of acute rheumatic carditis was established by elevated ASOT and anti-DNase B titres.

Study Design

Type

Case Report (n=1)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P

Population

1 17-year-old female presenting with heart failure and severe mitral regurgitation confirmed as acute rheumatic carditis.

E

Exposure

Transthoracic echocardiography

O

Outcome

Diagnosis of acute rheumatic carditis

This case illustrates the characteristic echocardiographic morphological features of acute rheumatic carditis, such as verrucous nodular beading and eccentric mitral regurgitation, which help differentiate it from infective endocarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, and myxomatous degeneration.

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Implication

May aid differentiation of rheumatic carditis from endocarditis in adolescents with mitral regurgitation; leaves open prospective validation in larger cohorts.

Abstract

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Discussion

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Cite This Study

Meel et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Acute rheumatic carditis with severe mitral regurgitation (n=1). Transthoracic echocardiography was evaluated. Transthoracic echocardiography identified acute rheumatic carditis in a 17-year-old girl via focal nodular beading on the mitral valve and a 4 m/s holosystolic mitral regurgitation jet.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ae92596a8a6b2adf62f6043 https://doi.org/10.24170/23-4-8589

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Cardiac Imaging Quiz

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Cardiac Imaging Quiz

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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