Vapor segregation and loss in basaltic melts

Research Article| August 01, 2007 Vapor segregation and loss in basaltic melts Marie Edmonds; Marie Edmonds 1Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 51 Crater Rim Drive, Hawaii National Park, Hawaii 96718, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Terrence M. Gerlach Terrence M. Gerlach 2Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Court #100, Vancouver, Washington 98683-9589, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Marie Edmonds 1Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 51 Crater Rim Drive, Hawaii National Park, Hawaii 96718, USA Terrence M. Gerlach 2Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Court #100, Vancouver, Washington 98683-9589, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 18 Oct 2006 Revision Received: 01 Mar 2007 Accepted: 23 Mar 2007 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (2007) 35 (8): 751–754. https://doi.org/10.1130/G23464A.1 Article history Received: 18 Oct 2006 Revision Received: 01 Mar 2007 Accepted: 23 Mar 2007 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Marie Edmonds, Terrence M. Gerlach; Vapor segregation and loss in basaltic melts. Geology 2007;; 35 (8): 751–754. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G23464A.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Measurements of volcanic gases at Pu'u'Ō'ō, Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, reveal distinct degassing regimes with respect to vapor segregation and loss during effusive activity in 2004–2005. Three styles of vapor loss are distinguished by the chemical character of the emitted volcanic gases, measured by open path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: (1) persistent continuous gas emission, (2) gas piston events, and (3) lava spattering. Persistent continuous gas emission is associated with magma ascent and degassing beneath the crater vents, then eruption of the degassed magma from flank vents. Gas piston events are the result of static gas accumulation at depths of 400–900 m beneath Pu'u'Ō'ō. A CO2-rich gas slug travels up the conduit at a few meters per second, displacing magma as it expands. Lava spattering occurs due to dynamic bubble coalescence in a column of relatively stagnant magma. The large gas bubbles are H2O rich and are generated by open-system degassing at depths of <150 m. Static gas accumulation and dynamic bubble coalescence are both manifestations of vapor segregation in basaltic melts, but their implications differ. Accumulation and segregation of CO2-rich vapor at depth does not deplete the melt of H2O (required to drive lava fountains near to the surface) and therefore gas piston events can occur interspersed with lava fountaining activity. Lava spattering, however, efficiently strips H2O-rich vapor from magma beneath the crater vents; the magma must then erupt effusively from vents on the flank of the cone. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.