In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anti-helminthic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Aganope Leucobotrya

The stem bark of Aganope leucobotrya is effective for diarrhea, as a blood tonic, for bone healing, and nose bleeding. The purpose of this work was to screen for the phytoconstituents and evaluate the antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of the stem bark of A. leucobotrya. Standard methods were employed for phytochemical screening. The broth dilution method was utilized in assessing antimicrobial activity. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay were employed to assess antioxidant activity. In vitro anthelmintic activity was determined using earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae). Phenols, tannins, saponins, quinones, and polyphenols were identified to be present in the extract. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 ± 0.01 mg/mL was obtained as the highest activity for the methanol extract against Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida albicans. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the methanol extract and the reference drug for the DPPH scavenging activity were 49.96 ± 0.10 µg/mL and 32.35 ± 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. At 20 mg/mL, the paralysis and death times for both the methanol extract and Mebendazole drug were 15 min, 36 min, and 29 min, 50 min, respectively. The IC50 obtained for the hydrogen peroxide scavenging for the methanol extract and gallic acid were 185.63 ± 0.152 µg/mL and 151.80 ± 0.094 µg/mL, respectively. The methanol extract of A. leucobotrya possesses antioxidant, anthelmintic, and antimicrobial activities.