Analisis Fonologi Pada Usia Balita, Anak-Anak, dan Dewasa di Banjar Tengipis, Desa Buahan Kaja, Kecamatan Payangan, Kabupaten Gianyar

This study aims to analyze the acquisition of phonology based on age groups of toddlers, children, and adults in Banjar Tengipis, Buahan Kaja Village, Payangan District, Gianyar Regency. The focus of the study is on the variation of pronunciation of words in Balinese and the forms of phoneme changes that occur with age. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, through observation, interviews, documentation, and phonological transcription analysis. The results of the study indicate that the toddler age group tends to experience apheresis and phoneme substitution, especially in initial consonants such as /s/, /m/, /r/, /g/, /p/, /n/, /b/, and /c/. School-age children show improved articulation although there are still certain phoneme substitutions, such as /r/ to /l/. Meanwhile, in the adult group, phoneme pronunciation has stabilized and is in accordance with the phonetic rules of Balinese. This study confirms that phonological development is a gradual process influenced by biological, physiological, and linguistic experience factors.