Green governance effects of Open Government Data on corporate ESG performance

This study examines how the rollout of Open Government Data (OGD) platforms in China affects corporate ESG performance. We find that OGD improves corporate ESG performance. The effect operates through stronger external monitoring and increased green innovation, as OGD expands access to key government data. Additionally, the effect is stronger in regions with high external monitoring and strict legal systems. It is also stronger for large firms, pollution-intensive industries, and areas with better OGD infrastructure. We also find that OGD improves firms’ ESG practices. This study adds to ESG research and provides evidence for policy.