Rare tumorous and pseudotumorous lesions of the Rectum and Perirectal Tissue

Aim: Rare tumors of the rectum and perirectal tissue present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their rarity, heterogeneity, and limited data in the literature. This study aims to share experiences from a large coloproctology center to improve the understanding of these tumors’ therapy and outcomes. Method: In a retrospective case series, data from 15 patients with rare perirectal and rectal tumors who underwent rectal resection at the Department of Coloproctology at Prosper Hospital of Recklinghausen between 2010 and 2023 were analyzed. The study focused on the clinical and pathological features of these tumors and evaluated the impact of surgical resection on patient outcomes. Results: The study included 15 patients (10 women, 5 men) with a mean age of 58 years (range: 31–85 years). Most patients (n = 12; 80%) underwent rectal resection with curative intent. Achieving an R0 resection often required multi-visceral resection (n = 5; 43%). Procedures were mostly complication-free (n = 9; 60%), resulting in recurrence-free survival for 9 patients (60%) over a mean period of 33 months (range: 5–60 months). Conclusion: Treating rare tumors of the rectum and perirectal tissue requires an interdisciplinary approach and individualized therapeutic regimens. Malignancies should be managed within the context of a tumor conference. In this study, surgical resection led to satisfactory outcomes for most patients. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinical trial registration was not applicable to this manuscript, as it involves a case series and not a clinical trial.