Advanced Formulations Can Be Designed as Adaptive Release Systems Rather Than Static Dosage Forms

Advanced drug-delivery systems are usually evaluated as dosage forms with predefined release characteristics, yet the environments into which they release drug are variable in composition, mechanics, transport capacity, disease state, and time. This perspective argues that a useful next design step is to treat selected formulations as adaptive release systems whose performance is defined by how formulation state changes in response to physiologically or therapeutically relevant conditions. Adapt