Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of 20Cr13/3003 Steel–Aluminum Composite Plates at Different Temperatures

Tensile tests were conducted on 20Cr13/3003 steel–aluminum composite plates, comprising 20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel and 3003 Al─Mn alloy, at temperatures ranging from 25 to 300 °C using a Shimadzu AGX‐V 100 kN universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffractionwere used to characterize the fracture morphology and microstructural evolution of the specimens at different temperatures. The results indicate that, as the tensile temperature increases, the strength of the steel–aluminum composite plate decreases monotonically, whereas the elongation first decreases, then increases, followed by a slight decrease and a subsequent increase. Fractographic analysis of the steel–aluminum composite plate at different temperatures reveals that its fracture behavior is strongly temperature‐dependent. As the tensile temperature increases, the fracture mechanism transitions from brittle fracture to ductile fracture. The dislocation structure evolves through competition between deformation‐induced dislocation accumulation and thermally activated dislocation rearrangement and recovery, while recovery and recrystallization become increasingly pronounced at elevated temperatures. At 300 °C, the deformation compatibility between the steel and aluminum layers improves, and interfacial bonding is enhanced. The Goss texture in the steel layer reappears, the texture intensity decreases, and the texture of the aluminum layer becomes nearly random, thereby mitigating stress concentration.