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The question assumes the walls arrive in sequence. They do not. They arrive together,because they are the same wall. The paper's claim is structural. The five candidate walls are five measurements of a single constraint: the capacity has one use. Energy, water, chips, catastrophes, and hallucinations are the ways the single-use capacity fails. The wall that arrives first is the one where the refusal happens first. The refusal happens at the siting. Not because energy is unavailable. Because the countycommission refuses the permit. Not because water is unavailable. Because the community refuses the draw. The wall that has already arrived is the political wall — the one where thecost lands on a party who can say no. The catastrophes and the hallucinations are the walls that arrive second. They require anevent. The siting wall does not. The siting wall is already on the record. The paper states the five walls, the order in which they arrive, and the wall that has alreadyarrived. It does not claim the others will not arrive. It claims the first one already has.
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TAALABI et al. (2026) studied this question.
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