The Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance Symptoms, Anxiety, Stress and Risky Headphone-Use Behaviors in Adolescents

Sleep disturbance symptoms are common during adolescence and may be associated with affective difficulties and health-related behaviors. This cross-sectional study examined sleep disturbance profiles in relation to anxiety and stress symptoms and risky headphone-use behaviors among 2828 middle- and high-school students in Lianyungang, China. Participants were recruited using stratified multistage cluster sampling. Latent profile analysis identified profiles of nighttime sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction. Multiple linear regression models estimated adjusted associations with the study outcomes. Three latent profiles were identified. Anxiety and stress symptom scores increased from Profile 1 to Profile 3. Risky headphone-use scores were higher in Profiles 2 and 3 than in Profile 1, with no significant difference between Profiles 2 and 3. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the temporal ordering of these associations.