Homeroom teachers' professional competencies: a systematic review of empirical research

This systematic review explored 28 peer-reviewed articles to analyze the professional competencies of homeroom teachers. Focusing on core competencies central to their role, the review investigated homeroom teachers' attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Findings reveal that key homeroom competencies include psychological capital attitudes (i.e., self-efficacy, resilience) and pastoral casework skills (i.e., observational, interpersonal, active listening skills, and ability to guide students). The review advances the field by synthesizing fragmented empirical evidence into a structured competency framework and by identifying systematic blind spots, particularly the marginalization of knowledge domains and the dominance of individual-level constructs over organizational and relational perspectives.