New Sustainable Management Method for the Control of Oak Processionary Moths in Cities with a Humid Continental Climate

The oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea) is widespread in central Europe. The caterpillars’ fine stinging hairs contain a toxin that can trigger severe skin irritation and respiratory problems. The primary goal of this research is to define sustainable management recommendations for controlling oak processionary moths in municipal public areas. Preventive measures form the first stage of control. Therefore, public awareness is important to success. A priority is ensuring that vulnerable groups avoid infested areas. The second stage involves monitoring caterpillar development and subsequently assessing the risk. The third stage entails implementing active measures tailored to the level of urgency. Initially, warning signs should be erected. If the risk increases, cordons or barriers must be installed. Mechanical removal methods are the next priority. Only after these three levels of escalation have been exhausted should chemical insecticides be used. Such use is justified only in cases of severe infestation where vulnerable individuals face an immediate and acute threat. Transforming “grey” and “black” urban areas into “blue” and “green” neighbourhoods will help counteract issues such as mass outbreaks. Consequently, the fourth stage promotes the installation of nesting boxes, and the creation of natural meadows and wildflower areas. Climate-resilient trees and shrubs should be planted.