Dual Hydrogen Donor‐Mediated Reduction of Nitroarenes Over a Magnetically Recoverable CoFe 2 O 4 @GO Nanocomposite: Mechanistic and Kinetic Insights

Developing high‐performance and sustainable catalytic systems for reduction of nitroaromatics remains an important objective in both environmental remediation and synthetic chemistry. We report herein a CoFe 2 O 4 @GO catalytic system synthesized using co‐precipitation method as a magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalytic system for the selective reduction of nitroarenes into corresponding amines using sodium borohydride and hydrazine hydrate as reducing agents. The NaBH 4 ‐mediated reduction using CoFe 2 O 4 @GO exhibits effective reduction capacity with 81.91% and 97.98% reduction efficiencies for 2‐nitrophenol (2‐NP) and 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (PA) respectively showing pseudo‐first order kinetics, while for the bare CoFe 2 O 4 catalysts, a lower reduction efficiency was observed (66.67% for 2‐NP and 90.72% for PA). Additionally, 2‐NP, Nitrobenzene and PA were also reduced using CoFe 2 O 4 @GO catalyst and hydrazine hydrate. Comparative investigation for both the processes demonstrates distinct mechanistic pathways for successful reduction of the nitroarenes into their respective amines. These results suggest that the CoFe 2 O 4 @GO nanocomposite holds significant potential for applications in wastewater treatment and industrial organic synthesis.