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In the Karakalpak language, reduplicative words can be divided into two main groups according to their word-formation features: reduplicative words with identical components and reduplicative words with non-identical components. The latter group comprises several types and subtypes: reduplicative words in which one component has a specific morphological form; reduplicative words in which both components bear different morphological markers; rhyming reduplicative words; and reduplicative words expressing an intensive meaning. This article examines the structural, morphological, phonetic, and semantic characteristics of these types of reduplicative words and identifies their distinctive features through examples from the Karakalpak language.
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Q.A. Bekbergenov (2026) studied this question.
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