Diabetes management in patients in primary care

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic disease that demands continuous management and poses a major public health challenge. Its rising prevalence and treatment costs highlight the need for holistic, non-pharmacological approaches. Registered nurses play a key role in diabetes care, particularly through patient education. This article analyses nursing interventions in diabetes management and evaluates their effects on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Source selection was guided by a PRISMA diagram, after which we conducted a content analysis of the included studies. Results: Fourteen studies published between 2020 and 2025 were included in the detailed analysis. Four main diabetes management interventions performed by registered nurses were identified: (1) patient education, which proved to be one of the most effective methods for improving diabetes self-management; (2) implementation of screening tests; (3) support for self-management of the disease; and (4) care coordination or interdisciplinary collaboration. Content analysis resulted in the main category: "Interventions of Registered Nurses in Primary Health Care for Diabetes Management." Subcategories were: (1) Clinical Outcomes, (2) Prevention of Complications, (3) Self-Management and Education, and (4) Patient Satisfaction. The results demonstrated improved glycaemic control, earlier detection of complications, increased patient self-efficacy, and higher patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Registered nurses make a significant contribution to diabetes management in primary health care. Their interventions reduce complications, enhance patients' quality of life, and support the sustainable development of the health system.