Notes on Philonotis (Bartramiaceae, Bryophyta) 18. Ranges of P. calcarea and P. seriata, and new synonyms of P. fontana

Records of Philonotis calcarea, P. fontana, P. lutea and P. seriata (Bartramiaceae) in section Philonotis in W. Mitten's Musci Indiae orientalis are revisited and discussed. The specimens of P. calcarea and P. seriata available from Southeast Asia are reidentified, and relevant literature reports are reviewed. No correctly identified specimens of P. calcarea and P. seriata were found from the western and eastern Himalaya, China, Japan or Korea. Hence, the range of P. calcarea extends from Greenland through Europe to Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan and to the Altai Mountains in Asia. Philonotis seriata ranges from Greenland to the Caucasus area and has disjunctions in the Altai Mountains. The names Bryum zonatum Schimp., Philonotis crassinervis Wils., P. mongolica Broth. nom. inval. in synon. and P. trachyphylla Dixon & Badhw. are synonymized with P. fontana (Hedw.) Brid. The misidentification of these taxa is due to the modified leaves of male plants, in which the leaf cells may have a central papilla. The records of P. yezoana from the Himalayas, Europe (Finland) and Greenland are based on male plants of P. fontana.