High-Resolution ODMR Spectra of Individual Hybrid 14NV–13C Spin Systems with Third-Shell 13C in Diamond for Nanoscale Vector Magnetometry: Theory and Experiment

In recent decades, second-generation quantum technologies based on the practical use of individual quantum systems—atoms, molecules, impurity centers, and photons—have become one of a central focus of modern science. Among these, quantum magnetometry has emerged as one of the most advanced directions. In this field, nitrogen–vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, as well as their complexes with nuclear spins, are widely employed as sensors for measuring magnetic fields with nanometer-scale spatial resolution. However, due to the C 3V symmetry of the NV center, information about the azimuthal angle of the magnetic field vector is not accessible. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate, for a first time, a method of vector magnetometry based on acquisition and theoretical analysis of high-resolution optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectra of an individual hybrid electron-nuclear three-spin system 14 NV- 13 C , in which the electron spin of a single NV center is coupled by hyperfine interaction with the intrinsic nuclear spin of the 14 N atom of the center as well as with the spin of the isotopic atom 13 C, located in the third coordination sphere of the NV center.