Characteristics and Outcomes of a Cohort of 34 Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: A Single-Center Experience at Hassan II University Hospital of Fez

Introduction: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are rare but account for more than 90% of testicular cancers. They mainly affect young men and have a high cure potential. This study aimed to describe the characteristics, management, and prognosis of TGCTs treated at Hassan II University Hospital of Fez. Materials and Methods: This monocentric retrospective study included 34 patients treated for TGCTs between May 2017 and December 2022. Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and survival data were collected from medical records. Results: The mean age was 34 years (range: 16 - 66). Testicular enlargement was the main presenting symptom (75%). All diagnoses were confirmed by orchiectomy. According to the AJCC classification, 34% of patients were stage I, 28% stage II, and 38% stage III. Based on the IGCCCG prognostic classification, 50% of patients had a good prognosis and 50% had an intermediate prognosis. The BEP regimen was the most commonly used first-line chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 4 years, overall survival (OS) was 90% and progression-free survival (PFS) was 85%. For seminomas, 4-year OS was 91% and PFS was 86%. For non-seminomatous tumors, OS was 85% and PFS was 80%. Conclusion: This series confirms the excellent prognosis of TGCTs in a Moroccan context, with survival outcomes comparable to international standards. It highlights the importance of standardized management according to stage and histological subtype.