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The rapid development of web technology demands high competency in the JavaScript programming language. However, students often experience a gap between understanding basic programming theories and applying complex logic in practical scenarios. This study aims to analyze students' understanding levels of JavaScript using a descriptive quantitative method through a survey approach. Data were collected using questionnaires and technical tests (snippet code) distributed to 99 fourth-semester students in the Industrial Informatics Engineering Technology Study Program. The results showed that students have a strong foundation in fundamental concepts such as variables and control structures. However, their understanding significantly decreased in dynamic topics like Document Object Model (DOM) manipulation and asynchronous programming. Furthermore, although students actively reuse code, the implementation of industry-standard practices like the Agile method and teamwork remains minimal. The main obstacles encountered are debugging difficulties and a lack of independent practice. Therefore, it is recommended that educational institutions increase the use of real-world projects and code review sessions to enhance students' mastery of advanced programming logic and industry readiness.
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Kamaludin et al. (2026) studied this question.
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