Vicharchika: A Comprehensive Review of its Ayurvedic Concepts and Management

Vicharchika is described in Ayurveda as a type of Kshudra Kushtha characterized by pruritus (Kandu), skin eruptions (Pidika), discoloration (Shyava) and discharge (Srava). Its clinical manifestations may affect physical comfort and quality of life. Aim and Objective: To review the classical Ayurvedic concepts of Vicharchika, including its Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Samprapti, Pathya-Apathya and Chikitsa and to provide a comprehensive understanding of its management according to Ayurvedic principles. Materials and Methods: This review is based on the study of classical Ayurvedic literature, including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Ashtanga Sangraha, Kashyapa Samhita and other relevant texts, along with a contemporary review article on Vicharchika and its management. Results: Vicharchika is associated with the vitiation of Tridosha, with Kapha and Pitta predominance described in several classical texts. The involvement of Twaka, Rakta, Mamsa, and Lasika is considered important in its Samprapti. The principal clinical features include Kandu, Pidika, Shyavata and Srava, along with other manifestations such as Raji, Ruja, Rukshata and Paka. Ayurvedic management includes Dosha-specific Shodhana Chikitsa, Shamana Chikitsa and appropriate Pathya-Apathya measures. Classical descriptions also mention specific formulations and local applications for Kushtha and Vicharchika. Conclusion: The classical Ayurvedic approach to Vicharchika emphasizes an individualized understanding of Dosha predominance, disease manifestations, etiological factors, dietary practices and therapeutic measures. A systematic review of these principles provides a foundation for understanding the Ayurvedic perspective on Vicharchika and may support further clinical research into its management.