Green Nanotechnology Using Azadirachta Indica: Synthesis, Characterization and Pharmaceutical Applications

Azadirachta indica, a medicinal plant, is well known for its variety of pharmacological properties and phytochemical richness. Green nanotechnology is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for the preparation of nanoparticles by using plant extracts. Azadirachta indica contains bioactive compounds such as azadirachtin, nimbin, nimbidin, quercetin and various phenolic compounds which are responsible for formation and stabilization of nanoparticles. The review highlights the green synthesis of nanoparticles from different parts of Azadirachta indica viz., leaves, bark, seeds and flowers. The review additionally emphasizes their potential pharmaceutical application including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, wound healing and drug delivery. The synthesized neem-mediated silver nanoparticles are expected to exhibit good physicochemical characteristics and enhanced biological activity, demonstrating the potential of Azadirachta indica as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent for the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The study may support their future application in pharmaceutical, antimicrobial, and biomedical fields.