Physical activity and depression: A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines

The inclusion of physical exercise in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of depression in adults has come about due to evidence of the benefits of such exercise on the symptoms of depression. However, its use is not widespread amongst professionals due to a lack of resources and even a lack of specific training in this area. In this regard, the aim of this study is to examine the recommendations regarding the use of physical activity (PA) for the treatment of depression in adults, as set out in clinical practice guidelines published by internationally recognised organisations. To this end, a systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA method, in which 14 CPGs were identified and analysed. The results reveal that 10 of the 14 guidelines contain recommendations in favour of using PA as a complementary or adjunct to psychotherapeutic and/or pharmacological treatment, or as monotherapy for mild depression. Recommendations for PA were also found in all 14 guidelines for the different degrees of depression (mild, moderate or severe). Among the effects of PA on depression, a reduction in depressive symptoms and an improvement in general well-being and quality of life are described. In conclusion, this review supports the use of PA for the treatment of depression in the adult population.