Entre la eficiencia académica y el razonamiento clínico: perfiles funcionales de uso de inteligencia artificial en estudiantes de medicina

Introduction: Generative artificial intelligence has been rapidly integrated into medicaleducation, particularly in study tasks and academic productivity. However, it remainsunclear whether its use extends equally to more complex processes, such as clinicalreasoning. Objective: To characterize and compare the functional profiles of AI useoriented toward academic efficiency and clinical reasoning among medical students.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 290 medical students. A self-administeredquestionnaire was administered, and two proportional indices of AI use were constructed: one oriented toward academic efficiency and the other toward clinical reasoning.Descriptive analyses, a paired t-test, and Welch’s ANOVA with post hoc comparisonswere performed. Results: The mean age was 20.4 ± 2.66 years and the GPA was3.99 ± 0.54. 71.3% reported high frequency of AI use. Use oriented toward academicefficiency was higher than that oriented toward clinical reasoning (0.66 ± 0.22 vs. 0.46± 0.34), with a mean difference of 0.20 (95% CI: 0.17–0.24; p < 0.001). Differenceswere observed according to academic semester. Conclusions: AI use among medicalstudents is primarily oriented toward academic efficiency, with variations depending onthe stage of training.