Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of neutrophil membrane-coated MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanoparticles for sepsis treatment

Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction from a dysregulated infection response, remains a high-mortality global health burden characterized by the systemic overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Timely anti-infective/anti-inflammatory interventions in the early onset window drastically improve sepsis prognosis, yet current therapeutic efficacy remains severely constrained by the global antibiotic resistance crisis. As a two-dimensional nanomaterial, Ti3C2Tx MXene displays potent intrinsic antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. We herein engineer a neutrophil membrane-coated Ti3C2Tx nanoplatform (NM@Ti3C2Tx NPs) for targeted sepsis therapy. Experimental validation confirms this formulation mitigates sepsis-triggered oxidative stress injury via synergistic antioxidant pathways, with favorable colloidal stability and confirmed in vitro biocompatibility. In CLP-induced murine sepsis models, it attenuates systemic pro-inflammatory cascades, alleviates hypothermia and multi-organ damage, and improves survival. Collectively, this multifunctional platform integrating targeted antibacterial action and oxidative stress modulation presents a promising candidate for sepsis translational therapy.