Clinical Survey of Patients Undergoing Coronary Catheterization in Nasr City Health Insurance Hospital

Background: Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of coronary artery disease in developing countries is approximately 11%. This study aimed to assess demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, coronary catheterization findings, and management strategies at Nasr City Health Insurance Hospital. Methods: This observational cross-sectional single-center study included 500 patients undergoing coronary catheterization. All patients underwent 12-lead electrocardiography, echocardiography. Results: Significant gender- and age-related differences were identified. Females were older and had higher BMI, with greater prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia (P < 0.05), whereas smoking was more common among males. Females more frequently presented with dyspnea and had lower hemoglobin, TLC, and platelet counts. Males showed more severe cardiac findings, including lower ejection fraction, higher regional wall motion abnormalities, and more extensive coronary disease with greater multivessel involvement, left main disease, chronic total occlusion, and complex lesions (P < 0.05 0.001). Advancing age was associated with increased hypertension, structural cardiac abnormalities, valvular disease, diastolic dysfunction, and more extensive coronary involvement, particularly multivessel disease (P < 0.05 0.001). Conclusions: Patients undergoing coronary catheterization had a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors and predominantly multivessel coronary disease. Disease severity was greater among males and older patients, while PCI was performed safely.