Dyslipidemia and modern approaches to its management: a review of nutraceutical strategies

Dyslipidemia is characterized by abnormal lipid profiles and is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite significant advances in diagnosis and treatment, this condition remains under-detected and under-monitored, resulting in a persistently high residual risk of cardiovascular complications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current hyperlipidemia management strategies, covering its epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and the evolution of therapeutic approaches. Based on an analysis of current clinical trials, the need for a personalized approach to therapy is substantiated. Particular attention is given to the characterization of potential nutraceuticals. The findings suggest that nutraceuticals may serve as an effective and safe adjunct to conventional therapy, particularly in patients with statin intolerance or at moderate risk, although definitive conclusions require further long-term studies.