Key result
Developmental disability is linked to ~88% higher risk of incident cardiovascular disease.
Why the study?
Although developmental disability is associated with several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, few studies had examined incident CVD risk in this population.
Does developmental disability (intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder) increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke compared to matched controls in a nationwide Korean population?
Cohort (n=683,992)
Yes
Does developmental disability (intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder) increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke compared to matched controls in a nationwide Korean population?
In a large nationwide Korean cohort, individuals with intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder had nearly a 1.9-fold higher risk of developing premature cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, after adjusting for demographic and clinical comorbidities.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant closer CVD monitoring in developmental disability; extends prior associations but leaves causal effects open.
ObjectivesAlthough developmental disability is associated with several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, few studies have examined incident CVD risk in this population. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used a nationwide disability registry database in Korea.It included 170,998 individuals registered with developmental disability, specifically intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), during 2004-2020 and 512,994 age-and sex-matched controls; follow-up continued until 2023.Cox proportional hazards analyses estimated the risks of CVD, myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke in individuals with developmental disability relative to controls. ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, developmental disability was associated with higher risks of CVD, MI, and ischemic stroke than those in controls: hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 1.88 (1.80-1.97)for CVD, 1.62 (1.53-1.72)for MI, and 2.31 (2.16-2.46)for ischemic stroke.These risks were also elevated when the ID and ASD groups were analyzed separately.With the ID group as the reference, the ASD group had lower risks (HR for CVD: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.78).Stratified analyses showed stronger associations between developmental disability and CVD in females than in males, in children and adolescents than in adults, and in metropolitan residents than in urban or rural residents (all P for interaction < 0.001). ConclusionsIndividuals with developmental disability had elevated risks of CVD, MI, and ischemic stroke.Public health strategies are therefore needed to prevent CVD in these populations.
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Koo et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Developmental disability (intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder) (n=683,992). Developmental disability (intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder) vs. Age- and sex-matched controls without developmental disability was evaluated on Incident cardiovascular disease (composite of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke) (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.80-1.97). Developmental disability was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident cardiovascular disease compared to matched controls (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.80-1.97).
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