Magneto-thermal interfacial dynamics of dissipative hybrid nanofluid in porous spinning cone-disk system involving radiation and joule heating impacts: finite element approach

This study investigates the magneto-thermal interfacial dynamics of hybrid nanofluids transport in a porous spinning cone-disk system across the conical gap under magnetic field effects, Joule heating, Darcy resistance, heat dissipation and thermal radiation. The coupled electromagnetic-thermal interactions in the confined spinning system are analyzed in four different instances namely, (i) spinning disk with static cone, (ii) spinning cone with static disk, (iii) co-spinning cone and disk and (iv) counter spinning cone and disk. The flow equations were altered to nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and simulated with the finite element method. We found that thermal field is magnified with heat dissipation, magnetic-field, Joule heating and higher F e 3 O 4 and Cu nanoparticle concentration. The spinning disk and static cone and spinning cone and static disk cases, thermal field enhanced due to the radial exponent but decayed for co and counter spinning cases. The axial velocity increased with Joule heating and radiation but decreased with magnetic-field in case of spinning cone and disk. For the spinning disk and static cone situation, the radial velocity increased with radial exponent and decreased in case of static disk and spinning cone. Both cone and disk Nusselt numbers for hybrid nanofluid significantly raised with higher concentration of F e 3 O 4 and Cu nanoparticle but lowered with magnetic-field, Joule heating and radiation. These findings may help improve thermal management in compact spinning systems including magnetohydrodynamic cooling systems and porous spinning heat-transfer devices, where magnetic forces, rotational motion and heat generation influence the fluid flow and heat transfer under various operating conditions