An Assessment of Coaching and Mentoring Assistance and Its Influence On the Performance of Student-Athletes: Basis for A Coaching Development Framework

This study assessed coaching and mentoring assistance and its relationship with the sports performance of student-athletes in the Schools Division Office of Calamba City as a basis for a Coaching Development Framework. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used, beginning with surveys from 113 student-athletes and followed by interviews with nine coaches and trainers to explain the quantitative findings. Analyses used frequencies, percentages, weighted means, nonparametric difference tests with effect sizes, Spearman correlation, axial coding, and thematic clustering. Psychological assistance ranked highest (M = 3.28); other assistance domains ranged from 3.05 to 3.08. Performance was rated very good in discipline and commitment (M = 3.20), technical skills (M = 2.96), competition outcomes (M = 2.95), and fitness and conditioning (M = 2.91). Physical fitness, technical skills, and discipline differed by age (H = 9.65 to 12.39, p ≤ .022); technical skills and competition outcomes differed by sex (U = 1141 and 1138, p = .009); and physical fitness and technical skills differed by competition level (H = 10.64 and 9.80, p ≤ .020), with small to medium effects. Combined assistance and performance were associated (ρ = .658, p < .001). Survey data included imputed responses. Six themes emerged: “Coaching as a meaningful relationship that develops the person”; “Individualized learning through progressive practice and feedback”; “Sustaining confidence and belonging through supportive mentoring”; “Maintaining training continuity alongside academic and professional demands”; “Working within resource limits through adaptation and shared support”; and “Building sustainable programs through institutional support and coach development.” Integrated findings linked favorable assistance ratings with continuing participation barriers. The proposed framework connects athlete assessment, institutional support, practical access, integrated coaching, performance development, and continuous monitoring. It guides coordinated stakeholder action to strengthen assistance and support sustained athlete development, with effectiveness requiring implementation and subsequent evaluation.