Multifunctional Janus Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications: Design Strategies and Biomedical Functions

Diagnosis and therapy are two different parts of treatment. Especially in diseases like cancer, diagnosis plays a crucial role, and sometimes continuous monitoring is also required. In such conditions, theranostics provides a favorable platform for treatment, as it combines diagnosis and therapy. Nanotechnology is widely used in the treatment of life-threateningdiseases. Janus nanoparticles are one of the advanced nanotechnologies that provide two or more sites or compartments where we can load two or more diagnostic and therapeutic agents on a single nano carrier. These particles are anisotropic in nature,and this anisotropy provides different areas for the different types of agents. Janus nanoparticles are an excellentcarrier for theranostic delivery. This review highlighted the concept of Theranostics and Janus nanoparticles. It mainly focuses on synthesis methods, diagnostic and therapeutic uses of Janus particles. Lastly, it emphasized the theranostic applications of Janus nanoparticles and research in this area. Major research on such particles is for the treatment of cancer; it can also have usefor other life-threatening diseases. This approach of theranostics is beneficial where personalized medications are required, and drugs can be prepared according to the needs of patients.