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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be one of the most damaging diseases in United States pork production. A particularly aggressive variant, PRRSV lineage 1C.5.32, a 2023 emerging subclade of L1C.5, was the most detected variant in Iowa in 2025. This study investigated outbreaks on seven sow farms in Southeast and East Central Iowa, combining outbreak investigations and phylogeographic analysis. Frequent high-risk events included cull sow removal, weaned pig transport, employee entry, and mortality removal. Bayesian phylogeographic analysis identified strongly supported interdistrict transitions of PRRSV L1C.5.32, particularly from Southeast and Northeast to East Central Iowa, but did not support Central Iowa as the primary source of introduction into Southeast Iowa.
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Post et al. (2026) studied this question.
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