Rahmah dalam QS. Ar-Rum Ayat 21 sebagai Landasan Pendidikan Keluarga Islam bagi Kesejahteraan Psikologis Anak

Children’s psychological well-being is shaped by the quality of parenting and education within the family, yet Islamic scholarship has rarely explained how the value of rahmah (compassion) in Surah Ar-Rum, verse 21, can be translated into a principle of family education linked to children’s psychological needs. This study aims to formulate rahmah as a foundation of Islamic family education, to map its operational dimensions onto children’s psychological well-being, and to identify the factors influencing its implementation. The study employed a qualitative library research design, combining exegetical analysis of the key terms sakan, mawaddah, and rahmah with content analysis of the Qur’an, hadith, Qur’anic commentaries, and scholarly articles. The findings show that the value of rahmah can be contextualized from the spousal relationship to the parent–child relationship through value derivation (istinbāṭ) and is embodied in five dimensions: consistent affection, gentle communication, protection, empathy, and patience. These dimensions relate to children’s sense of security, emotion regulation, social relationships, and spiritual development, and are influenced by internal factors (the mother’s understanding of rahmah, psychological condition, and attachment) and external factors (spousal support, family harmony, economic conditions, and access to family guidance services). The findings provide a conceptual basis for family education programs in pesantren and madrasah and require empirical testing.