Optimal Operation of an Electricity–Carbon Coupled Multimicrogrid Hybrid System Considering Conditional Value at Risk

To help the “dual-carbon” goal come to fruition, the development of a reasonable electricity–carbon coupling trading mechanism can effectively guide the multimicrogrid system to realize low-carbon economic operation. To this end, this paper proposes a hybrid game optimization model for electric–carbon coupled multimicrogrids considering conditional value at risk. First, based on the electricity–carbon coupling trading mechanism, we propose a mixed-game model that integrates the master–slave game between the microgrid operator and microgrid alliances with the cooperative game among microgrids; second, we introduce conditional value at risk to quantify the extreme risk losses caused by the uncertainty in wind and solar power output, incorporating it into the optimization objective function to clarify the regulatory effect of risk metrics on operational decisions. Finally, the bisection method and the improved alternating direction method of multipliers with adaptive penalty factors are employed to solve the hybrid game model. The case study demonstrates that the proposed strategy can effectively enhance the low-carbon economic operation of each subject, mitigate uncertainty-induced risk loss, and achieve fair benefit distribution among multiple micronetworks.