A Survey of IoT-Driven Smart Agricultural Storage Systems for Fruits and Vegetables Preservation

Post-harvest preservation of fruits and vegetables is a major challenge because quality changes rapidly when temperature, relative humidity, ventilation and ripening gases are not managed appropriately. Conventional storage often relies on periodic manual inspection, which can miss short-term environmental changes and delay corrective action. This survey reviews IoT-enabled monitoring and intelligent storage approaches for fresh produce, with emphasis on low-cost embedded systems suitable for small farms, shops and local storage facilities. The reviewed literature covers wireless monitoring of ambient parameters, cloud-connected cold-storage notification, machine-learning-based freshness classification, and fruit-specific temperature and humidity monitoring. Their sensing strategies, communication methods, control capabilities and validation limitations are compared. The review identifies gaps in crop-specific thresholds, sensor calibration, automatic control, power reliability, connectivity resilience and long-duration field validation. Based on these findings, a proposed ENTC project architecture is outlined using an ESP32, temperature-humidity sensing, a gas sensor, a display, a cloud dashboard and relay-driven ventilation or cooling. The paper presents a practical evaluation plan; it does not claim experimental results for the proposed prototype.