Soybean breeding lines with potential resistance to cowpea mild mottle virus for cultivation under teak plantations

This study aimed to identify soybean genotypes with potential for cultivation under teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) plantations. Eleven soybean breeding lines and two varieties were evaluated for cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) symptom severity and infection status using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), agronomic traits, seed yield, harvest index, and seed proximate composition. Seed yield was standardized to 14% moisture content, while aboveground dry weight was determined after oven-drying at 80 ºC for 48 hours. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between seed yield and plant height, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, and CPMMV disease severity. However, the positive correlation between disease severity and seed yield requires careful interpretation. The breeding lines W/L. Temanggung-7-14 and W/PI 200.485-7-4, together with the variety Dena 2, showed promising seed yield and seed quality under teak shade. No significant differences in seed protein and lipid contents were observed between W/PI 200.485-7-4 and Dena 2. These genotypes warrant further evaluation for their adaptation to shaded environments and potential resistance to CPMMV. The findings suggest that soybean production under teak plantations may be feasible when genotypes are selected for suitable agronomic performance and efficient light use. Further replicated studies are needed to confirm CPMMV resistance and assess yield stability and seed quality under shaded conditions.