Perspectives from Taiwan: managing comorbidities amongst the Taiwanese population treating HIV with antiretroviral therapy

Introduction Driven by effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and an integrated care system, people with HIV (PWH) in Taiwan have achieved high rates of viral suppression and extended life expectancy, with 2025 HIV care continuum reaching 93–96–95%. However, this aging population faces a continuous challenge of diverse comorbidities. As more studies shed light on the various comorbidities affecting PWH, a comprehensive review synthesizing both global and local clinical perspectives is highly warranted.Areas covered This review examines global and regional research alongside Taiwan-specific clinical data regarding comorbidity screening and management. It focuses on six core areas: cardiovascular health, metabolic disorders (e.g. weight gain, diabetes, and steatotic liver disease), bone health, chronic viral hepatitis, mental and neurocognitive health, and malignancies.Expert opinion Focusing on Taiwan, this review highlights the need for proactive comorbidity management in aging PWH through enhanced awareness, early screening and proactive intervention, vaccination, and consistent monitoring. Despite growing attention, robust local epidemiological and interventional data remain scarce. Future research must target evolving epidemiology and innovative risk-reduction strategies to optimize long-term health outcomes.