Beyond Visual Acuity: Imaging Technologies, Functional Vision, and Future Clinical Workflows for Low Vision Care

Low vision significantly affects daily functioning and quality of life, yet clinical assessment and rehabilitation planning often remain fragmented.This narrative review examines current structural and functional assessment technologies used in low vision care, including fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, visual field testing, microperimetry, and electrophysiological testing, as well as emerging applications of artificial intelligence, tele-ophthalmology, and home-based monitoring.Particular emphasis is placed on the limitations of relying on visual acuity alone and the importance of integrating structural findings with functional vision assessment.We also discuss barriers to implementation, including technology access and data integration, and propose a unified clinical workflow connecting diagnostic assessment, functional testing, rehabilitation planning, and longitudinal monitoring.Greater integration of these components may support more personalized and patient-centered low vision care.