Evaluation of Trapa natans -derived AgNPs as antibacterial agent

sThe green synthesis of silver nanoparticle formation using medicinal plants, rich in bioactive compounds, aids in overcoming challenges associated with physical and chemical approaches of nanoparticle synthesis. The current work investigated the biogenic synthesis of Tn-AgNPs using aqueous extracts of Trapa natans stems, a non-conventional medicinal plant, rich in bioactive compounds. The formation of T. natans (Tn)-AgNPs was confirmed by the colour shift and by recording the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peaks in the range of 420–440 nm in the UV–visible spectrum. Identification of functional groups involved in reduction and stabilisation was conducted using the FTIR spectrum. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of short silver nanorods with a length ranging from 160 to 180 nm and a width of approximately 15–30 nm. X-ray diffraction examinations revealed a highly crystalline structure of the resultant Tn-AgNPs. The well diffusion assay demonstrated antibacterial efficacy of Tn-AgNPs with increasing concentration against laboratory reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). Additionally, the growth kinetics assay demonstrated significant reductions in the growth absorbance after 24 h. Subsequently, these nanoparticles are also biocompatible up to 20 ppm, as revealed by anti-haemolysis activity. This work aligns with SDG3 and highlights the potential of Tn-AgNPs as an alternative antibacterial agent.