Effectiveness of childhood pneumonia awareness program among pregnant women: A hospital based quasi experimental study

Background Pneumonia poses a substantial threat to the lives of the under five children in Nepal, underscoring the crucial role of maternal awareness in preventing this condition. The objective of the program was to assess the effectiveness of the Pneumonia awareness program designed to educate the expectant mothers, enrich their understanding, and empower them to take timely preventive measures against the Pneumonia. Methods The study utilized an intervention-based concurrent mixed methods design, employing a quasi-experimental study to evaluate awareness and an exploratory design to assess perception of the pregnant women attending the hospital. A structured questionnaire was used for quantitative data, and interview guideline for qualitative study to conduct face-to-face interviews. The data analysis was performed by using STATA software. The knowledge of pneumonia before and after the awareness campaign was compared using a paired t test. The structured questionnaire covered a number of areas pertaining to pneumonia, including an overview of the disease, its symptoms, its mode of transmission, vaccination, and risk factors. The STROBE guideline was used to ensure standard reporting of the results. Results The findings revealed the enhancement in the participant’s knowledge. Their skill in identifying symptoms and immunizing their children against pneumonia improved. Notably, there was significant change in the knowledge level from pretest score to post test score indicating the effectiveness of the educational intervention. The participants in qualitative findings showed improved health –seeking behaviour, increased awareness of pneumonia and their commitment to preventive measures. The proactive intentions of early health seeking practice through identification of danger signs and adopting the preventive measures as complete dose of vaccination and controlling other risk factors were conveyed by the participants. Also, they perceived the program as effective in enhancing their knowledge and promoting their healthy behaviour. Conclusion The findings highlight the program's effectiveness and emphasize the importance of regularly promoting similar awareness campaigns as a strategy to improve maternal and child health. Educational programs play a crucial role in empowering mothers to take timely preventive measures, thereby reducing pneumonia-related risks in children under five. Regular promotion of such campaigns is recommended to maintain and enhance maternal and child health.