The Political Legacy of Bishnu Prasad Rabha: Revolutionary Nationalism, Peasant Mobilization and the Quest for Social Justice in Assam

Bishnu Prasad Rabha (1909–1969), known as Kalaguru, played an important role in Assam’s cultural and political history. He is well known for his work in music, literature, dance, and theatre, but his efforts as a political revolutionary, socialist thinker, and supporter of agrarian justice are just as important. Rabha’s political ideas grew out of India’s anti-colonial movement and the rise of Marxist and socialist thought in the early twentieth century. He wanted to go beyond conventional nationalism by connecting the fight for independence with the rights of peasants, workers, and marginalized groups. His participation in the freedom movement, associations with left-leaning political groups, engagement in peasant movements, and advocacy for land rights collectively demonstrate a commitment to substantial social and economic transformation.Rabha’s idea of Assamese nationalism also stood out, as he valued cultural diversity, social equality, and the inclusion of different communities in building a democratic society. This paper looks at Rabha’s political beliefs and actions, especially his focus on revolutionary nationalism, peasant movements, and social justice. It argues that Rabha deserves recognition not only as a cultural leader but also as a political thinker who brought together regional nationalism, socialist ideas, and a vision for an inclusive society.