Social Learning, Self-Control, and Differential Coercion and Social Support: A Theoretical Test on Teen Drug Use

This study investigates the explanatory power of social learning, self-control, and differential coercion and social support (DCSS) theories in predicting teen drug use. Using cross-sectional data from the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) program ( n = 2,967), logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relative influence of these theoretical frameworks. Findings indicate that social learning variables—differential association, differential reinforcement and neutralization of deviance—are significant predictors of drug use. Low self-control is also positively associated with drug use, although its effect diminishes when competing variables are included. Consistent with DCSS theory, coercion increases the likelihood of drug use, while father social support serves as a protective factor against use. In the full model, physical victimization, a form of coercion, emerges as the most robust predictor of substance use. Results highlight the importance of integrating multiple criminological perspectives and suggest that prevention efforts should address peer influence, self-control, and exposure to coercive environments.