Immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of cystic bronchopulmonary malformations in children

INTRODUCTION. Congenital defects of the bronchopulmonary system (CDBPS) occupy a significant place in the structure of perinatal pathology. According to the literature, their incidence is 1 per 10,000–35,000 live births. Cystic forms of bronchopulmonary malformations (CBPM) constitute a significant portion of CDBPS.METHODS AND MATERIALS. A retrospective analysis was performed in 106 children with CBPM treated at the clinics of Tashkent State Medical University from 2006 to 2024. Patients were divided into a comparison group (n=52, 2006–2017, conventional approach) and a study group (n=54, 2018–2024, extended diagnostics and video-assisted thoracoscopy). Postoperative complications were graded according to the Clavien – Dindo classification. Longterm outcomes were assessed in 92 patients over 6 months to 5 years.RESULTS. Surgery was performed in 92 (86.8 %) children. Postoperative complications (Clavien – Dindo I–V) occurred in 22 (23.9 %) patients: 8 patients (17.0 %) were in the study group and 14 patients (31.1 %) were in the comparison group (p<0.05). Grade III–V complications were 10.6 % vs 15.6 %, respectively. Mortality was 1.1 % (n=1). Good longterm outcomes were achieved in 54.3 %. The mean total length of hospital stay in the study group was 14.2±3.8 days versus 21.4±5.6 days in the comparison group (p<0.05). The rate of unsatisfactory results in the study group decreased from 20.5 % to 9.4 % (p<0.05).CONCLUSION. Optimization of diagnostic and surgical strategies, including prenatal screening, MSCT, and videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery, significantly reduces the overall rate of complications and improves longterm treatment outcomes of CBPM in children.